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Extreme anti-oxidant protection against ionizing radiation in bdelloid rotifers

Extreme anti-oxidant protection against ionizing radiation in bdelloid rotifers
We conclude that the great radioresistance of bdelloid rotifers is a consequence of an unusually effective system of anti-oxidant protection of cellular constituents, including those required for DSB repair, allowing bdelloids to recover and continue reproducing after doses of IR causing hundreds of DSBs per nucleus. Bdelloid rotifers therefore offer an advantageous system for investigation of enhanced anti-oxidant protection and its consequences in animal systems.

Stoichiometry of MutS and MutL at unrepaired mismatches in vivo suggests a mechanism of repair. Elez M, Radman M, Matic I. Source

Stoichiometry of MutS and MutL at unrepaired mismatches in vivo suggests a mechanism of repair. Elez M, Radman M, Matic I. Source
Our results corroborate the hypothesis postulating that MutL accumulation assures the coordination of the MMR activities between the mismatch and the strand discrimination site.

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Three Major Research Projects
This three tier project offers, at itsR & D stage,original science-based solutions to three major problems of humanity: healthy longevity, local food supplyand local energy supply. Mission and purpose of the first two projects is to profoundly change the public health by combining an original molecular diagnostics with a new treatment employing natural compounds, ofnutriceutical kind, that is both preventive and therapeutic.

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Oxidative Stress Resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans

 

 

 

 

Slade_Radman_2011.pdf                   

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, March 2011, p. 133-191, Vol. 75, No. 1
1092-2172/11/$12.00+0     doi:10.1128/MMBR.00015-10
Copyright © 2011, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Oxidative Stress Resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans   

  Dea Slade1* and Miroslav Radman1,2


Université de Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U1001, 156 Rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France,1 Mediterranean Institute for Life Sciences, Mestrovicevo Setaliste bb, 21000 Split, Croatia2

Summary: Deinococcus radiodurans is a robust bacterium bestknown for its capacity to repair massive DNA damage efficientlyand accurately. It is extremely resistant to many DNA-damagingagents, including ionizing radiation and UV radiation (100 to295 nm), desiccation, and mitomycin C, which induce oxidativedamage not only to DNA but also to all cellular macromoleculesvia the production of reactive oxygen species. The extreme resilienceof D. radiodurans to oxidative stress is imparted synergisticallyby an efficient protection of proteins against oxidative stressand an efficient DNA repair mechanism, enhanced by functionalredundancies in both systems. D. radiodurans assets for theprevention of and recovery from oxidative stress are extensivelyreviewed here. Radiation- and desiccation-resistant bacteriasuch as D. radiodurans have substantially lower protein oxidationlevels than do sensitive bacteria but have similar yields ofDNA double-strand breaks. These findings challenge the conceptof DNA as the primary target of radiation toxicity while advancingprotein damage, and the protection of proteins against oxidativedamage, as a new paradigm of radiation toxicity and survival.The protection of DNA repair and other proteins against oxidativedamage is imparted by enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidantdefense systems dominated by divalent manganese complexes. Giventhat oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of reactiveoxygen species is associated with aging and cancer, a comprehensiveoutlook on D. radiodurans strategies of combating oxidativestress may open new avenues for antiaging and anticancer treatments.The study of the antioxidation protection in D. radioduransis therefore of considerable potential interest for medicineand public health.

 

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Université de Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U1001, 156 Rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France. Phone: 0033140615494. Fax: 0033140615322. E-mail: deaslade@yahoo.com

Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://mmbr.asm .org/.

 

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, March 2011, p. 133-191, Vol. 75, No. 1
1092-2172/11/$12.00+0     doi:10.1128/MMBR.00015-10

 

 

 


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Miroslav Radman - Molecular Biology and Genetics Scientist